Evaluation of Genetic Diversity in Five Different Species of Family Solanaceae using Cytological Characters and Protein Profiling

Cytological characters and protein profile of 5 species (Solanum melongena, S. xanthocarpum, Datura alba,Lycopersiconesculentum and Capsicum annum) of family Solanaceae were investigated through poly acrylamide gel electrophoresis and using cytological characters viz. mitotic index and pollen viability. The present protein profile revealed that experimental genusLycopersicon is very close to the genus Solanum and species Daturaalba and Solanummelongena are more close at molecular level as compared to other species.Similarity index was more i.e., 22.22% inCapsicum annum and Solanumxanthocarpum which are cultivated and wild respectively, as compared to two wild species i.e., Datura alba and Solanumxanthocarpum where similarity index was only 11.11%. Present investigation has also revealed that mitotic index was highest in Daturaalba i.e., 20.38% meaning that the genus has high power of division.Closed pollen viability was in Solanumxanthocarpumand Solanum melongena i.e., 72.22% and 74.50%. A dendrogram constructed based on the UPGMA clustering method revealed two major clusters, Cluster – I and Cluster-II, comprising of two species each. The speciesCapsicum annum(T1) occupies a distinct place as revealed in the dendrogram.